What is the HSG Test?
The hysterosalpingogram (HSG test) is a valuable diagnostic tool that allows your reproductive endocrinologist to see the inside of the uterus and Fallopian tubes. Since fertilization occurs in the Fallopian tubes, it’s essential that these delicate structures are open and normal in shape. Identifying blockages or abnormalities early with an HSG test can streamline your fertility treatment plan, potentially reducing the time it takes to conceive.
Fallopian Tubes: A Delicate Matter
The Fallopian tube is the pathway an egg travels from the ovary to the uterus. These tubes are extremely delicate and can be easily damaged by conditions such as pelvic surgery, infections, appendicitis, endometriosis, or bowel infections. The HSG test provides vital information about the state of your tubes, helping determine if sperm will be able to reach the egg naturally.
Fluid-filled tubes, also known as hydrosalpinges, significantly reduce the chance of conception—even with in vitro fertilization (IVF). If fluid is detected, your doctor may recommend a minimally invasive procedure to remove the affected tubes, improving your chances of a successful pregnancy.
Checking the Uterus
Even if your Fallopian tubes are healthy, fertility challenges can still occur if the uterus has structural issues. The HSG test also evaluates the shape and structure of the uterus, identifying potential problems such as fibroids, polyps, scar tissue from previous surgeries, or congenital abnormalities. These insights are critical for developing an effective, personalized treatment strategy.
HSG Test Procedure – Now with Enhanced Comfort
The HSG test is typically performed shortly after your menstrual period but before ovulation, ensuring you’re not pregnant at the time. During the test, a speculum is inserted into the vagina, and a catheter is guided through the cervix. Dye is then introduced into the uterus and Fallopian tubes to assess their openness. If there’s a blockage, the dye won’t pass through the tube; if the tubes are open, it flows into the abdominal cavity, where it’s naturally absorbed.
While the HSG is brief, it can be uncomfortable or anxiety-inducing for some patients. To ease this experience, Atlantic Reproductive now offers nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia as an optional comfort measure.
Pain Management with Nitrous Oxide
Nitrous oxide—commonly known as ‘laughing gas’—is a safe, fast-acting option that helps reduce anxiety and discomfort during minimally invasive procedures like the HSG. Mixed with oxygen, it provides fast-acting, self-administered relief that can significantly reduce anxiety and discomfort during minimally invasive procedures like the HSG test.
How Does Nitrous Oxide Work?
Delivered through a mouthpiece or mask, the nitrous oxide and oxygen mixture begins working within just a few deep breaths. You remain fully conscious, responsive, and in control. Most patients report feeling relaxed, light, or even giggly. Importantly, these effects wear off within 5–10 minutes of stopping inhalation, allowing you to return to normal quickly.
Will It Put You to Sleep?
No. This mixture is not a general anesthetic. You’ll remain alert and able to respond to your doctor’s instructions throughout the HSG test.
Is Nitrous Oxide Safe?
Yes. Nitrous oxide has been used in medicine for over a century and has a well-established safety profile. When self-administered using a regulated delivery system like Nitronox, the risk of side effects is minimal. If discomfort arises, simply stop inhaling and breathe normal room air—symptoms will typically resolve within minutes.
Common Side Effects
Side effects are rare but may include mild dizziness or nausea. These are easily reversed by discontinuing the gas and breathing room air.
Is Nitrous Oxide Right for Your HSG?
Nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia is ideal for patients who want an additional layer of comfort during short and minimally invasive procedures like HSG. It doesn’t replace a local anesthetic, but it can help reduce the anxiety and discomfort often associated with such exams.
While it’s not currently covered by insurance, we offer it as an optional add-on to support your comfort.During your consultation, our team will walk you through the cost and help you explore your options so you can make the choice that feels right for you.
HSG Test Results
A normal HSG result shows a uterus free of polyps or fibroids and open Fallopian tubes. Abnormal findings might include:
- Scarred or blocked uterus or tubes
- Uterine fibroids or polyps
- Congenital uterine abnormalities
- You’re Not Alone on This Journey
If you’ve been trying to conceive for a year (or six months if you’re over 35), we’re here to help. Schedule your HSG test with Atlantic Reproductive Medicine Specialists. Every test is performed by a reproductive endocrinologist who will interpret your results immediately—so there’s no prolonged waiting or uncertainty.